Publication List - International Harm Reduction Association

	by category Alcohol Harm Reduction HIV Prevention and Care for IDUs Overdose Policing Harm Reduction (Illicit Drugs) Tobacco Harm Reduction
	by sub-category 01. Meaning of harm reduction in the context of HIV prevention for IDU 01. Overviews 01. Overviews 01. Overviews of Alcohol Harm Reduction 01. Overviews of harm reduction 02. Alcohol Consumption - Recorded and Unrecorded 02. Epidemiology of IDU and related HIV infection 02. Nicotine policy 02. Strategies and Policies 02: Guides and Policies 03. HIV/AIDS prevention policy and programming 03. National and International Policies 03. Needle Exchanges 03. Regulation of nicotine replacement therapies 03: Epidemiological Research 04. Assessing local and national need for interventions 04. Crackdowns and Enforcement 04. Local Policies and Strategies 04. The health risks of smokeless tobacco and its role in a harm reduction strategy 04: Risk Factors and Risk Environments 05. Managing Public Space 05. Police Conduct & Human Rights 05. Regulation of cigarettes 05. Resource allocation/requirements 05: Naloxone Research 06. Advocacy 06. IDU risk behaviour 06. Interventions for High-Risk Groups 06. The failure of light cigarettes 06: Naloxone Programmes 07. Cigarette reduction 07. Drinking and Driving 07. Sexual risk behaviour 07: Other Prevention Research and Interventions 08. Changing Drinking Environments 08. Needle and Syringe Programs 08. PREPS and other tobacco use 09. Glassware in Bars 09. Substitution treatments 09. The role of the tobacco industry and funding 10. Antiretroviral (ARV) treatment 10. Communication and perceptions of relative risk 10. Server Training 11. Harm Reduction Treatments 11. Health promotion and drug education 12. Alcohol and HIV 12. Outreach and peer education 13. Marginalised groups 13. The Alcohol Industry: Partnership, Codes and Conduct 14. Non-IDU drug use risk 15. Drug user organisations 16. Advocacy 17. Human Rights 18. UN position statements and papers on HIV and IDU Additional Papers

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Policing Harm Reduction (Illicit Drugs) 06. Advocacy
	Asia Regional HIV/AIDS Project (2007) Report on the Senior Police Harm Reduction Seminars: The Police role in combating HIV/AIDS in the community. Australia: ARHP & AusAID. This is a report from three ARHP seminars in South East Asia, aimed specifically at senior police personnel from the region. The reports include the participant lists, programmes, evaluations and conclusions from the seminars – which were very well received. This document is an excellent blue-print for anybody planning similar advocacy activities in their region. Download publication as a PDF
	Asia Regional HIV/AIDS Project (2007) Law Enforcement and Harm Reduction: Advocacy and Action Manual. Australia: ARHP & AusAID. This practical resource provides direction for those working in the harm reduction field and advocating for understanding and support for their services from law enforcement agencies. It answers many common questions that law enforcement personnel may have (such as ‘What is harm reduction?’ and ‘Why police advocacy?’), and describes how to engage with police at all levels (including senior personnel, as demonstrated in the separate seminar reports that are also listed in this section of the collection). Due to the size of this manual, the link below is for the introductory sections only. The rest of the pack (including an advocacy toolbox and a library of relevant material) can be downloaded from the ARHP website - www.arhp.org.vn. Download publication as a PDF
	Caulkins JP (2002) Law enforcement’s role in a harm reduction regime. Crime and Justice Bulletin: Contemporary Issues in Crime and Justice (64), NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics Research This is a comprehensive review of what law enforcement can (and should) do to fulfil its potential as a “unique and potent force for harm reduction”. Five specific approaches are discussed: partnerships with “non-enforcement interventions”, constraining supply for emerging drug markets, time-focused interventions, reducing the harms and costs of prohibition, and exploiting the adaptability of drug markets. Download publication as a PDF
	Centre for Innovative Public Policies (2000) Needle exchange initiatives: Getting out the facts and promoting collaboration between law enforcement and public health. URL Document This is a series of reports and URL documents that aimed at law enforcement and police personnel. Its goals are to enable communication between public health and law enforcement personnel, introduce police officials to the evidence and arguments for needle exchanges, enable debates and find compromises and common strategies to reduce drug-related harms. One of the items in this series is listed separately in this section (McCampbell & Rubin, 2000). Click to view publication
	Cohen J & Csete J (2006) As strong as the weakest pillar: Harm reduction, law enforcement and human rights. International Journal of Drug Policy, 17(2), 101-103 This commentary article advocates for a human rights approach to drug use, HIV/AIDS and other related problems (as opposed to the current strategies that struggle to balance law enforcement and treatment). Under such a human rights remit, both drug users and law enforcement personnel would be accountable for their conduct and behaviour and will “level the playing field between law enforcement and public health”. Link provided courtesy of Elsevier (www.elsevier.com), publishers of the International Journal of Drugs Policy (http://journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/drupol). Click to view publication
	Fitzgerald JL (2005) Policing as public health menace in the policy struggles over public injecting. International Journal of Drug Policy, 16(4), 203-206 This editorial piece, written in response to “a recent cluster of studies” in the journal, examines why law enforcement policies and approaches have remained largely unchanged despite the extensive evidence of the harms that these approaches can have (see Section 4 of this collection). In order to advocate more effectively for policy change and the adoption of harm reduction ideologies, researchers need to “try alternative forms of evidence in an effort to create research stories that can make a difference”. Link provided courtesy of Elsevier (www.elsevier.com), publishers of the International Journal of Drugs Policy (http://journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/drupol). Click to view publication
	Homel P & Willis K (2007) A framework for measuring the performance of drug law enforcement. Trends & Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice, 332. (Australia: Australian Institute of Criminology). This report describes the development of a framework in Australia to measure the effectiveness of law enforcement initiatives and campaigns on drug use. The framework, commissioned by National Drug Law Enforcement Research Fund (NDLERF), measures law enforcement successes in terms of four broad areas: reduced drug crime and drug-related crime, reduced organised crime, improved public amenity, and, crucially, improved public health. The report concludes that “activities directed towards one outcome should not adversely impact on other outcomes”. Although this report is focussed on Australian law enforcement systems, it can easily be applied internationally to measure the effectiveness of law enforcement systems anywhere. Download publication as a PDF
	McCampbell SW & Rubin PN (2000) A Needle Exchange Program: What’s In It For Police? URL Document This report, aimed at police officers, tries to describe the science behind needle exchange interventions, highlight the potential benefits for the police (such as reduced needle-stick injury risks), and allay fears that such interventions increase crime, condone drug use and encourage social disorder. The authors advocate for more objective (and less moralistic and passionate) debates on the topic, as the cost of “not giving a darn” is estimated as $3billion a year! Download publication as a PDF
	Midford R, Acres J, Lenton S, Loxley W & Boots K (2002) Cops, drugs and the community: Establishing consultative harm reduction structures in two Western Australian locations. International Journal of Drug Policy, 13(3), 185-192 This report is a process and impact evaluation from a pilot trial in Australia which attempted to incorporate harm reduction approaches, training and partnerships into local policing strategies. Despite inevitable challenges, the trial was a broad success and this paper represents a good tool for any decision-makers who are considering a similar approach. We cannot provide free access to this article at this stage – we hope to correct this soon.
	Spooner C, McPherson M & Hall W (2004) The role of police in preventing and minimising illicit drug use and its harms (Monograph Series No. 2). Australia: National Drug Law Enforcement Research Fund This report aims to educate the Australian police about how to contribute to Australia’s National Drug Strategy (with goals such as reducing overdose deaths, encouraging safer practices, and encouraging entry into drug treatment). The overall report is 200 pages long, but Part 1 (“Synthesis”) provides a good review of this field of study, and concludes that better research and evaluations are required. Click to view publication

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